The Three Standardized Field Sobriety Tests
When a police officer pulls over a driver on suspicion of driving while intoxicated, there are a variety of tools they have at their disposal to investigate the possible offense and make a decision on whether or not to detain the driver. Field sobriety tests are the most common method of objectively determining the impairment of a driver, but only three of these screening procedures have actually been standardized by the National Highway Transportation Safety Administration (NHTSA).
Many field sobriety tests are extremely subjective in nature. However, having a clear set of standards has enabled police officers to make a more accurate assessment of a suspect's level of intoxication before proceeding with an arrest. This by no means makes these tests infallible however, as any standard depends on a consistency in the basic physical attributes of the suspects, which is impossible to obtain.
NHTSA Approved Screening
Only the three following tests have been standardized for regular use by police officers in the course of a DUI investigation:
- The walk and turn test: The subject walks nine steps along a line, turns, and returns to their starting point.
- The horizontal gaze test: The officer asks the subject to follow a stimulus with their eyes and evaluates the manner in which their vision tracks
- The one leg stand test: The subject is instructed to hold one foot 6 inches of the ground for 30 seconds.
While the above tests are the only ones clearly standardized for use in evaluating a potential DUI, officers may also use other means to aid in their investigation, such as reciting the alphabet, placing their finger to their nose, reverse counting, and a variety other tests. If you believe that the criteria upon which your DUI charge is based are flawed, an experienced Arizona DUI lawyer may be able to aid you in obtaining a case dismissal or charge reduction.
A Health Guide Into the Best Liver Cleanse
Eating a balanced diet is the key factor to a healthy and vibrant liver. Therefore, the best liver cleanse method is vital in our bodies and in regard to this it is important to incorporate natural ingredients that play a vital role in helping the liver to cleanse itself since there is no concentration of harmful substances in the body system. There are many products used in liver detoxification that enhance the body's ability to extract poisonous products. Nevertheless, if they are not used with a lot of care can turn out to be a burden to our lives.
Beside from keeping fit, taking exercise helps to remove toxins from the body and prevent it from harmful radicals. With the help of a physician, one can identify the best liver cleanse supplements that act as detoxifier to improve the performance of our liver. For a healthy body, the liver must be healthy too in order to break down fats and for absorption of soluble materials in our bodies.
If You’re A Small Business Owner, Don’t Let This Happen To You
I recently became a small business owner. I design and sell unique jewelery that I sell both online and in my tiny little shop. I'm working hard towards establishing myself as a business owner, but right now I'm not making a lot of money. In fact, some months I struggle just to pay the rent for my shop which is why I tend to cut corners on things I don't consider to be a necessary part of my business. Up until recently, I've been happy enough just to be able to do what I love for a living and I guess you can say I've been a bit naive about the realities of owning a business because it's all so new to me. Recently, though, my shop was robbed and my cutting corners attitude mixed with naivety about owning a business almost cost me everything.
To this day, I still do not understand why someone chose to rob me. I make jewelery, but I don't use diamonds or other expensive gems. What was worse than suffering through the violation of the robbery is the fact that I didn't have insurance. Nope. No insurance and I nearly lost everything. While most of my jewelery making supplies were left undisturbed, my laptop and numerous other shop supplies weren't so lucky. Thanks to the help of my bank, I was able to take out a small loan to replace the stolen items, but I wouldn't have had to do that if I had commercial property insurance. Let's just say this experience taught me a lesson and now I not only have insurance on my property, but I also have commercial building insurance, as well. What can I say, now I want to be covered on all angles. My insurance does cost me a little bit of money, but it's way cheaper than the costs involved with replacing all the items in my shop. The robbery, as awful as it was, taught me a smart business lesson and I hope my story has helped you, too.
What Are Vital Records?
Vital records are those records containing important information. This could be information about an individual, a company, business, organization or even the government. This information can be in any format. It can be in form of written documents, magnetic tapes, papers, database or even photos. Vital records have to be protected in case there is a disaster or emergency which might result in severe consequences.
As such, vital records are those documents which if they are damaged, it might cost money and a lot of time to recreate them. These documents can be stored in active form if they are used in the office or inactive form if they are not in use. There are certain characteristics of vital records which are common. These are;
- They contain important information that is necessary for running an institution
- They are important for making crucial decisions of an organization. Perhaps, this is because vital records contain mission of an institution and what it has achieved in the past.
- They contain information that is necessary to guard and ensure the interests and rights of an organization or individual.
An individual may have their passport, identity card, birth certificate, college certificate, among others as their vital records. These records are always kept in a safe place where they are not likely to be damaged with ease.